Колективні переговори та регулювання оплати на регіональному рівні: Оцінка та перспективи (на прикладі України)
Анотація
В умовах постійних викликів і загроз у реалізації громадянами свого права на працю колективно-договірне регулювання стає чи не єдиним ефективним інструментом, який дозволяє узгодити інтереси різних суб’єктів і консолідувати їх спільні зусилля. Метою дослідження є порівняльний аналіз рівня розвитку колективно-договірного регулювання оплати праці у різних регіонах України та визначення викликів і перспектив розвитку цього інституту. Автори запропонували методику, яка дозволяє кількісно та якісно оцінити колективно-договірне регулювання оплати праці на основі низки індикаторів та здійснити порівняльний аналіз рівня його розвитку у різних регіонах. Проведене оцінювання підтвердило гіпотезу про низьку активність соціальних партнерів і неспроможність мобільно діяти в умовах нової соціально-економічної екосистеми. Результати показали нерозвиненість регулювання оплати праці шляхом колективних переговорів у всіх регіонах, що посилило недовіру до інституту соціального партнерства та свідчило про нездатність партнерів створити умови для гідної праці. Виокремлено показники ефективності колективних переговорів і угод, характерних для країн з перехідною економікою (Україна), а також першопричини низької якості соціального діалогу на регіональному рівні. Виклики, притаманні не лише Україні, а й більшості європейських країн, дозволили авторам визначити напрями вдосконалення колективних переговорів, які передбачають розширення кола соціальних партнерів, адаптацію змісту угод до стратегічних цілей регіону та його сталого розвитку. Виявлені загальні тренди, що зумовлені викликами цифрової економіки та нової економічної екосистеми, актуалізували потребу переосмислення ролі та змісту колективних переговорів. Практична цінність дослідження полягає в можливості застосування розробленої методики соціальними партнерами, місцевими адміністраціями, територіальними громадами для оцінки соціального діалогу на регіональному рівні, вивчення та дисемінації кращих практик формування політики оплати праці на основі соціального партнерства
Ключові слова
колективно-договірне регулювання, оплата праці, соціальний діалог, гідна праця, оцінювання, регіональні угоди
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