GROWING LOBAL CULTURES ON RADIOACTIVE POLLUTED SOILS

After the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, a large part of the lands of the Polissya Zone was contaminated with radionuclides, which, according to current regulations, were withdrawn from land use, we have analyzed the current state of the branches of flax and hemp in Ukraine and abroad. The Chernobyl accident has led to radioactive contamination of large areas of agricultural land, and therefore more and more attention is paid to the work of scientists aimed at reducing radioactive contamination. The possibility of growing barn crops under different levels of radioactive contamination is substantiated, elements of technology of cultivation and primary and deep processing of flax and hemp are considered, which allow to significantly reduce radiocaesium input into crop production and its content in various types of products of processing of these crops. Fiber flax, flax oil and hemp are crops that, according to the complex of economic and biological characteristics, can be recommended for growing under conditions of radioactive contamination. On soils with high levels of pollution, these crops accumulate a minimum amount of radionuclides. The indicated crops and their growing and processing industries deserve a priority position when using land contaminated with radionuclides. Specific countermeasures are proposed to achieve this goal, namely: in the cultivation of flax and hemp, to introduce phosphorus-potassium fertilizers that reduce the intake of radionuclides into products grown under different levels of radioactive contamination, flaxseed should be carried out in conjunction with non-leaching cereal grasses, using for this purpose seed rate of 15-20 kg of grass seeds. When clinging straw to the truss, to rotate the tapes, which reduces the accumulation of radionuclides by reducing the mass of dusty impurities and avoiding direct contact of primary processing products with soil. It is recommended to rinse the linen trust before processing on the milling unit in a water run on a spin-washing machine