MORPHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF LYMPHOID EDUCATION MINDALIN OF HOUSEHOLDS

The paper presents the results of morphological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies of the pig's tonsils, taking into account the peculiarities of their structural and functional organization and the patterns of morphological signs (markers) of their immunocompetence. According to the results of organometric studies, it was found that the total absolute mass of tonsils depends on the live weight of animals and is in the sexually matured pig of domestic 12.2±0.45 g, the relative weight corresponding to 0.02%. The histological structure of the parenchyma of the tonsils is formed by diffuse lymphoid tissue, primary and secondary lymphoid nodes, which are located in the proper layer of the mucous membrane. In the parenchyma of the tonsils, numerous blood vessels of the hemomycocirculatory channel are detected. Lymphoid nodules of the tonsils are located near the crypts and are characterized by a dense position in them of lymphoid cells than in diffuse lymphoid tissue. Reticular fibers in the center of the nodes do not have a definite direction, and on the periphery – oriented in a circle and form the shells. In the shell of many nodes, soft collagen and elastic fibers. Primary lymphoid nodules are rare and have a generally rounded form. Lymphoid cells in them are evenly distributed with the same density. The diameter of such nodes is 133.07±3.51 microns. Secondary lymphoid nodules, in the tonsils of pigs are significantly more frequent and characterized by the presence of light centers in them, indicating their participation in immunogenesis. The secondary nodes have a generally round shape and different sizes (small, medium, large): the diameter of the small nodes is 184.86±3.18 μm, the mean is 296.67±3.15 μm, the large ones are 422.95±11.77 microns In diffuse lymphoid tissue, reticular fibers do not have a specific orientation. Lymphoid cells in it are evenly distributed. Immunohistochemical studies conducted by the immunohistochemical studies showed that mature Tlymphocytes with CD3 markers dominate in the histostructure of the porcine tonsils, which are manifested separately in the cytostructure of the lymphoid nodules and in the form of a diffuse placement in the interstitium lymphoid tissue, indicating the dominance of cellular mechanisms of immunity