The state of T- and B-cell links of specific immunity and activity of humoral factors of natural defence of sows and their piglets under the influence of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae yeast complex and enzymes
Abstract
The immaturity of the immune system of newborn piglets causes significant losses in the postnatal period and is completely dependent on the mother’s body, especially in the last period of pregnancy, due to increased metabolic processes and physiological immunosuppression. The study aimed to determine the activity of natural and adaptive defence factors in sows and piglets born from them under the influence of a feed additive containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and enzymes. The results of the research demonstrated that feeding sows during pregnancy and lactation, as well as piglets before weaning, had a positive effect on the immune function of the mother and offspring. Under the influence of these factors, the additive has an activating effect on the natural mechanisms of the humoral link of the body’s nonspecific resistance, especially in sows. This was evidenced by the higher bactericidal and lysozyme activity of sow blood serum during pregnancy and lactation (p < 0,05-0,001) and a lower content of circulating immune complexes (p < 0,05), which indicates a decrease in the antigenic load on the mother’s body, especially during the period of immunosuppression. Similar changes, but expressed to a lesser extent, were recorded in piglets, with higher BASK (p <0.05) and lower CIC (p < 0.05). Feeding sows and piglets with yeast and enzymes during periods of low immune potential of their body had an activating effect on the state of adaptive immunity, in particular, cellular factors of specific body defence. This was evidenced by an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes (total, active and theophylline-resistant) and B-lymphocytes (p < 0.05-0.001) and an increase in their functional activity due to the redistribution of the receptor apparatus of immunocompetent cells – an increase in the number of T- and B-lymphocytes with low and medium receptor density and a decrease in undifferentiated cells (p < 0.05-0.001). Thus, the activating effect of the studied factors of the feed additive on the state of natural and adaptive defence factors in the body of sows and their offspring was established, which positively affects the formation of an immune response in periods of low immune potential of their body
Keywords
piglets; Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast; probiotics; T- and B-lymphocytes; immunological tests
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