Restrictions on grain exports during COVID-19: Features and solutions
Abstract
The world export of agricultural and of food products has been a relevant topic at all times, because it regulated the issue of economic and social development of many countries. However, this issue became even more urgent after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the situation in this sector got very complicated. The aim of the study is to look at the features of grain export restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic and how they can be addressed. The socio-economic method was applied to compare the economy with the market and take into account the multiplicity of economic behaviour. Using the functional method, the theoretical foundations of functional economics were established, focusing on the evolution of terminology to denote certain combinations of restrictions on the export of grain products and services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method of institutional analysis was used to assess the quality of the institutional basis of the economy and political structures. It was determined that changes in the trade sphere stimulated the development of production in deficit areas. It was defined that the removal of tariff barriers to trade could be useful in overcoming the crisis caused by the pandemic and also an efficient link to reducing the costs of international trade. Another conclusion is that it is worth preserving access to food, rather than restricting exports in countries where people may suffer from hunger. The practical relevance lies in identifying the features of appropriate restrictions on grain exports during a pandemic and highlighting the main ways in which this problem can be addressed
Keywords
sustainable development, pandemic, food security, macroeconomic environment
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