THE PHYTOCYNOSIS FORMATION ON THE DISTURBED SOILS OF IRSHANSK MINING AND CONCENTRATING PLANT

The functioning of mining and concentrating industry results in the loss of significant areas of agricultural lands, the disturbance of soils waters, the environment degradation and water abstraction on the populated territories. The open fields caused environmental destruction (the depth of some pits is 150–200 m² ), irrevocable changes of nature landscapes, the problem of erosion. On the dumps surface there are barren, abyssal rocks which are unpractical on their chemical and physical characteristics for the plants growth and development. There appear irrevocable ecological problems concerning the destruction of the agricultural lands. It has been proved that leading plants families according to the amount of strains in all variants of the investigation are Poaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae. Strain composition of annual plants of Poaceae family is driven to extinction by the anthropogenic factors, by a frequent shift of technosols’ surface, by reclamation as well as by fertile layer covering and its smoothing. But perennial strains of plants groups, which are classified among the ecological group of Eumesophyte and characterized by average moisture rate, have a higher level of outgrowth and a vegetative propagation method which increases by 13,6–32,7%. These are Elytrygia repens, Bromus inermis, Holeus lanatus. It has been determined that strain composition of Fabaceae family changes irrespective of the period of soil shifting as well as of covering with a fertile soil layer. On the 10, 20 and 30 year- old recultivated plots with a fertile layer covering the strain composition increases by 3,0–7,6–6,3%, among them perennial strains (field alfalfa, deervetch, clover, astralagus, woodwaxen) are classified among the ecological group of Eumesophyte. The paper contains the results of the investigation on the reclamation of the disturbed 10,20 and 30 year-old soils. It has been proved that coating with a fertile 15–18 cm soil layer contributes to the development of perennial plants of Fabaceae and Poaceae strains, so the renewal of fertile soils takes place